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HOME  EMPLOYMENT Summary: Numbers employed
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Numbers of people working in audiovisual industriesCensus data, to 2001 Census data, to 2001Employment data from the Census is based on individuals answering questions about their main job in the week preceding Census night, with a person allocated to a particular industry based on the industry classification of the employer. Overall, Census data indicates employment growth of 19 per cent in Australia's audiovisual industries between 1996 and 2001. Most of this growth was in the cinema exhibition industry, although employment in television and video hire outlets also increased. The 1996 and 2001 Censuses report very similar numbers for employment in the production industry. However, it should be remembered that this industry uses a high proportion of casual/temporary employees and freelancers, and the number actually working at the time of the Census will vary according to the level of production activity at the time. As noted below, wages/salaries data from the Service Industries Survey may be a more reliable indicator of employment trends for the production industry. After a significant increase in the distribution industry between 1991 and 1996, possibly due to the inclusion of subscription television channel providers for the first time, employment fell in this industry in 2001, although still remaining well above 1991 levels. Next update December 2008
Source: Compiled by the Australian Film Commission from Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population & Housing, 1971, 1976, 1981, 1986, 1991, 1996, 2001. Notes: Snapshot: Film and video production, 1971–2001 
See Industry definitions
Service Industries Surveys, to 2003Employment data from the Service Industries Surveys (SIS) is based on asking a sample of companies involved in the various industries about the number of people they employed as of June of the survey year. The SIS show higher employment levels in June 2000 than in June 1997 for all industries. The 2002/03 Television, Film and Video Production SIS shows higher employment levels for film and video production, but a drop in employment for TV services and public radio. In the case of the production industry, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) notes that employment figures would fluctuate depending on what productions were underway when the survey was taken, as companies can tend to employ more people while they are actually engaged in a production, and will return to a smaller ‘core’ staff once the production is completed (47 per cent of staff in 2000 and 53 per cent in 2003 were classed as casual or temporary). As a result wages and salaries data from the SIS may be a more realistic indicator of general employment trends for the production industry (wages and salaries are measured as the total paid over the financial year); this indicator increased by 11 per cent between 1997 and 2000 and another 8 per cent between 2000 and 2003. See Production industry: Film and video production businesses: Income and expenditure. Another possible labour indicator from the SIS - one that would take account of freelancers who provided their services as a company rather than as an individual - would be ‘payments to other businesses for production services’. This increased by 35 per cent between 1997 and 2000 although it dropped back by 14 per cent between 2000 and 2003. See Production industry: Film and video production businesses: Income and expenditure. For further analysis of employment-related data from the Service Industries Surveys see:
Next update (production
and TV only) 2008
Source: Compiled by the Australian Film Commission from Australian Bureau of Statistics, Film and Video Production and Distribution (cat. no. 8679.0) 1993/94, 1996/97 and 1999/00 ; Australian Bureau of Statistics, Radio and Television Services (cat. no. 8680.0) 1993/94, 1996/97 and 1999/00; Australian Bureau of Statistics, Motion Picture Exhibition (cat. no. 8654.0) 1993/94, 1996/97 and 1999/00; Australian Bureau of Statistics, Video Hire Industry (cat. no. 8562.0) 1999/00; Australian Bureau of Statistics, Television, Film and Video Production (cat. no. 8679.0) 2002/03; ABC and SBS annual reports. Notes: See Industry definitions
Activity surveys, to 2004The ‘work in culture/leisure’ survey asks a sample of Australians about their ‘work involvements’ in culture or leisure activities in the 12 months preceding the survey. It tracks paid and unpaid work as well as those working part-time and freelance, so is much broader in scope than the SIS and Census. It also defines involvements based on ‘areas of activity’ rather than using the standard (ANZSIC) industry classifications as the Census and SIS do. During the 12 months to April 2004, an estimated 2.9 million people were involved in some form of paid or unpaid work relating to the 35 culture and leisure activities covered in the survey (a participation rate of 18 per cent of the Australian population aged 15 years and over). Involvement was mostly (a) short term (up to 13 weeks of the year) or (b) part-time (less than 10 hours per week) over the 12-month period. For all activities the majority of persons were involved part-time. The activities with the highest proportion of persons involved part-time were glass crafts (97%), fete organising (90%), jewellery (89%), photography (88%) and painting (86%). Part-time involvement in film production (less than 10 hours a week) was 57 per cent. The activities that were most likely to be short term were fete organising (88% of those taking part worked short term), art and craft show organising (81%), festival organising (79%) and film production (75%). In the audiovisual industries, people in radio are significantly more likely to be unpaid than to receive some payment, and in TV they’re more likely to be paid than unpaid. People are slightly more likely to be paid for their involvements in interactive content creation and cinema/video distribution, and slightly more likely to be unpaid in film production, particularly in more recent surveys. Overall, the number of people involved in film production has increased over the three surveys, reaching 72,400 in 2004, with 44 per cent of these receiving some payment. Involvements in cinema and video distribution have fallen (28,100 in 2004), while in TV, numbers rose in 2001 and then fell slightly, to 75,900, in 2004. Next update December 2008
Source: Compiled by the Australian Film Commission from Australian Bureau of Statistics, Work in Selected Culture/Leisure Activities (cat. no. 6281.0) 1997, 2001 and 2004. Notes: See Activity definitions
Digital Content Industry Action Agenda, to 2002/03In their foundation report, Unlocking the Potential, the Federal Government's Digital Content Industry Action Agenda (DCIAA) aims were to present an industry model which would accelerate the production, distribution and marketing of Australian digital content and applications, both domestically and internationally. Digital content encompasses ‘the production and marketing of film and television programs in the form of digital and interactive TV; online games; re-usable electronic education content; the marketing and supply of the holdings of museums, galleries and libraries in digital form; the internet-based publishing of music, text, films and games; and the development and marketing of software, games, and online services that create digital media and visual effects, or help to manage and publish them. Mobile delivery and content is becoming increasingly important’1. Unlocking the Potential draws on a number of studies, including Digital Content Industries Futures a key report from economic research firm the Centre for International Economics (CIE). In measuring the size of the industry the CIE used a sophisticated approach based on economic modelling of source data from the 2001 Census, Labour Force Surveys and National Account Input Output tables 2001. For the purposes of their modelling they utilised selection of industry classifications across three components:
Their modelling determined that the total Australian digital content production employment in 2002–03 was 289,000 with a value of $18 billion (3.3 per cent of industry gross product). This is not arrived at by the simple addition of the employment across their selected classification (this would have totalled almost 2.5 million) rather employment has been proportioned by a factor of 7–48 per cent depending on employment position. Numbers employed in the digital content industry, 1996/97–2002/03 
Source: Centre for International Economics (CIE), Australian Digital Content Industry Futures, May 2005. Notes:
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